Insight, analysis & opinion from Joe Paduda

Jan
31

Conservatives, tax breaks, and health insurance

Increasing tax breaks for health insurance will not materially increase the number of folks with insurance. Yes, there are several studies that purport the Bush plan will result in more folks buying coverage, but there are a number of studies that show it would result in a very small increase, or actually decrease the number of folks with insurance.
What is puzzling is the schizophrenia embodied in conservatives’ view on health insurance and taxation thereof. Bush, an avowed conservative, touts tax breaks as the way to get more people to buy coverage, an idea also central to the platform planks of Mssrs. McCain, Giuliani, and Romney (Huckabee’s ‘fair tax’ is, well, rather different).
Doesn’t this amount to a government subsidy of health insurance, one that will distort consumer behavior by reducing the cost of coverage, and therefore of health care? Bush et al try to address this via high deductibles, but isn’t that fixing a problem caused by their own tax policy? If conservatives have so much confidence in the consumer, why do they need to offer them a tax break to buy something that logically, it is in the consumer’s best interests to purchase?
Conservative policy types have suggested chopping the proverbial baby in two, by limiting tax breaks to those plans that provide a minimum level of benefits. The idea is to encourage coverage without subsidizing plans with excessive levels of benefits; those “Cadillac” plans. What parts of the plan make it a “cadillac”?
– Hospital coverage?
– Physician visit coverage?
– Drug coverage?
– Diagnostic test and imaging coverage?
– Behavioral and mental health coverage?
– Physical therapy?
Where’s the bling? Where’s the fine Corinthian leather, the Bose 29 speaker stereo, the gold-embossed hood ornament?
Where’s the ‘excessive’ insurance? If there is any, it is small potatoes.
I applaud the folks who are trying to square their philosophies with the realities of politics, economics, and health care. Their ability to tie themselves in knots in an effort to remain true to their ideology while fixing a problem is painful to watch.
I’m just now sure how that solution is ‘conservative’.


Jan
30

Another win for single-payer advocates

Single-payer advocates have won another skirmish in the battle over health care reform, while those in favor of reform based on the existing insurance marketplace (that would include your author) are once again trying to explain why big insurance companies screw up so badly so often.
An audit by the California Insurance Department and Department of Managed Health Care found that Pacificare routinely mishandled claims and customer inquiries, with ‘routinely’ defined as about one-third of the time.
For those (including me) forever excoriating health systems and hospitals for their outrageous error rates, the debacle at Pacificare, the recently-acquired division of United Healthcare (one of my past employers) make the delivery sector look like a paragon of performance. I’m not overly surprised, as mergers involve systems conversions, the amalgamation of provider networks and contracts, and the shifting of work around to different call centers and processing locations. Duplicate staff positions are identified and people laid off, and when they walk out the door so does the expertise and understanding that enabled the operation to run smoothly.
Some will argue that this is a temporary hiccup, that any merger of this type and size will inevitably result in problems. All true, as is the point that they could not be screwing up at a worse time – during an election year wherein the future of their business will be determined.
So far, the private sector is not making much of a case.
Thanks to California Healthline for the tip.


Jan
28

Consumer-directed care done right

As I’ve noted repeatedly, there is a place for consumerism in health care, but it is by no means a panacea. And many CDH Plans are poorly designed and will likely lead to higher costs down the road – studies have indicated that when asked to pay more for maintenance meds, some people stop taking them. And that inevitably leads to a decline in health status and rise in the number of acute episodes.
The problem is exacerbated for people with little to no money in their HSA accounts; any maintenance medications, diagnostic tests, or preventive care will have to come out of their pocket – a pocket that is often empty.
Thus, while CDHPs (that don’t account for this limitation) may well save money in the short term by reducing premiums, they will increase employers’ costs over the medium to longer term.
Which leads to the next issue – most folks under 65 get their insurance from their employer. Unless health care reform somehow removes employers from the process, that is not going to change. For now, employers decide what coverage most Americans get – and therefore the ‘health plan’ has to make sense for the employer.
For employers, HRAs (where the employer ‘controls’ the funds) are a much better idea than HSAs (where the employee controls the funds; employees who leave a job take their HSA accounts with them). So employers are reluctant to fund an HSA account knowing that those dollars walk out the door when the worker does. In 2007, the (exhibit 8.5, p. 125) average employer funding for single coverage HRA accounts was $915 v. $428 for HSAs; for families it was $1800 for HRA v. $714 for HSA accounts.
One firm that looks to have figured out that HRAs are a better answer for small to mid-market employers is Barrett Benefits Group. (I have no business relationship affiliation with the firm). Their product, branded as ‘SharedFunding’, is perhaps best characterized as a hybrid. SharedFunding is an HRA-based high deductible plan with employee accounts that are funded as needed. Unlike other HRA-type programs, this plan requires the employer to fund the individual accounts on an ‘as-needed’ basis. This pay-as-you-go model significantly reduces both insurance premiums and funding requirements, while ensuring the employee accounts are funded appropriately.
Based in Ohio, BBG has recently expanded operations in Florida, and is developing other tools to help employers control the costs of chronic conditions.


Jan
25

PMSI’s for sale, part 2

SInce I learned of PMSI’s pending sale, I’ve been digging thru financial reports and talking with customers and industry folk to find out more.
Turns out FY 2007 (ended 9/30/07) was a down year for both revenue and profit at PMSI-Tmesys (PMSI). Although top-line increased 1%, that was primarily due to the acquisition of Health Advocates (HA) for $83 million (about 4.2x revenues). When you consider the overall WC Rx inflation rate was 6.5% and add in HA’s revenue, PMSI’s core business actually declined by about $50 million, or around 11% from 2006 to 2007.
The news was worse for profits, which dropped by 45%, while reserves for bad debt increased by $3.7 million. Notably, the MSA business contributed a whopping $12.4 million in gross profit – although that number looks awfully high. Given what they paid for it, I would not be surprised if dollars were shifted around to make the acquisition look good – 4.2 times revenues is awfully expensive.
It should also be pointed out that 2006 was not a stellar year; although revenues increased 4% from the previous year (while WC Rx inflation was close to 10%), profits had declined by 11% from 2005.
Clearly the company’s owners have not acted precipitously.
Competitive pressure certainly played a part in ABC’s decision to sell off the firm; as noted here Coventry has been aggressively pursuing new business, and PMSI has already lost one large customer that by itself will cut 2008 revenues by another 10%.
Despite what some commenters think (and write), I don’t think it is fair to hammer the (relatively) new management at PMSI. The company had started declining years ago, and had started to turn itself around under the prior president, David Weidner. The company also lost its best spokesperson, Phil Walls PharmD, who has since moved onto another PBM. Weidner was replaced by Mark Hollifield, who brought in a new sales and marketing team (can’t speak to the sales side, but the marketing has been rather uninspired).
What does not appear to have changed is the complacent culture at PMSI – although the company had done innovative work in several areas, it was very slow to market, could not move quickly, and seemed more interested in having meetings than delivering on commitments to customers.
Cultures are notoriously hard to change, and this may well be a case in point.
We’ll get into what a buyer would get when next we meet.


Jan
25

PMSI is for sale

The largest workers compensation PBM, PMSI-Tmesys, is on the block. The company’s owner announced the sale yesterday, noting that it is being spun off so the parent, Amerisouce Bergen, can concentrate on the core business of drug distribution.
PMSI-Tmesys has suffered through client losses of late, the latest CNA’s departure at the end of last year. Declining margins may also have played a role in the decision, as price pressure from competitors, coupled with the drastic cuts in reimbursement in NY and CA, have likely contributed to the company’s failure to meet financial goals in 2007.
With revenues exceeding $400 million, PMSI-Tmesys is the leader in the space, providing drugs, durable medical equipment, and other services to many WC payers. Reading between the virtual lines, it looks like Amerisource’s senior management is expecting a strategic buyer, as the company has been in the process of shopping PMSI-Tmesys for a few weeks already.
More to follow…


Jan
24

UPDATE – What do Republicans really think about Universal coverage?

My post on the GOP Presidential candidates and universal coverage elicited more than a few responses, most of which were cordial and helpful. Several took exception to the poll I cited (conducted by GOP pollster Tony Fabrizio’s firm) noting (accurately) that it was over six months old.
Fortunately, a comprehensive analysis of polling data re health care was just published. There’s a lot here, but the net is this – lots of Republicans support universal coverage. For example, in a NYTimes poll from late 2006, 44% of the Republicans polled favored “requiring…everyone have health insurance, with government helping to pay for insurance for those who cannot afford it.”
That is a lower percentage than the June poll; the difference could be in the wording of the questions or perhaps the population’s concern had grown over the eight months.
UPDATE – Another, very recent poll found similar support among Republicans for universal coverage – fully 65% would support reform that helped reduce the number of uninsured (23% favoring a plan to cover everyone, even if it would result in substantial additional spending and the remainder looking for a less ambitious plan that would likely only cover some of the currently uninsured)
The same poll found a slight majority of Republicans (53%) did not favor an individual mandate (a topic that is related to but not the same as universal coverage).
Comparing poll results can be touchy as the questions are usually different; Fabrizio’s June poll found 51% of Republicans agreed with the statement “Universal health care coverage SHOULD BE a guaranteed right of every American” (original emphasis).
And yet another poll, this one by the Commonwealth Fund, found a similar result – 52% of Republicans were strongly or somewhat in favor of requiring individuals to have health insurance coverage, with government help for those with limited incomes. (for independents the corresponding figure was 68%)
The Fabrizio poll is remarkably detailed and provides a breakdown of the perspectives of specific groups of Republicans. There are three segments that are most favorably disposed to universal coverage.
“Moralists” are the largest single group, accounting for 24% of all Republicans. Among the ‘moralists’, 48% were in favor of universal coverage. This segment is predominantly Born Again or Evangelical, poorer than the average, and disproportionately female.
13% of those polled were identified as “government knows best” Republicans (isn’t that an oxymoron?). The GKB folks were typically female and McCain fans, and fully 93% were supportive of universal coverage.
The third group, ‘Heartland’ Republicans (also 13%), were also McCain backers. Predominantly midwesterners, 72% supported universal coverage.
Digging ever deeper into the numbers, Republicans were more concerned with the cost of care (42%) than with covering everyone (19%). (Listening to Sen. Obama on health care makes me wonder if he carefully studied Fabrizio’s poll before coming out with the PR spin for his health reform plan; although Obama’s reform initiative is virtually identical to Sen. Clinton’s (except for mandated universal coverage), he has been consistently emphasizing cost control.)
While there are clear differences between the two camps, they do agree on one major issue: fewer than one in five voters, Republican or Democrat, believe it is the employer’s responsibility to ensure that people have health care.


Joe Paduda is the principal of Health Strategy Associates

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